Russian forces appeared to be packing up some military equipment at one of its most critical bases in Syria on Friday, in what could be a prelude to Moscow’s military withdrawal from the country in the wake of President Bashar Assad’s fall.

A New York Times analysis of satellite imagery of Syria’s Hmeimim air base near Latakia on Friday showed planes designed to transport heavy machinery prepared for loading and Russian military equipment apparently being packed up nearby. Verified videos also showed at least one convoy of Russian military vehicles on the move Friday.

The activity highlights the uncertainty of Moscow’s foothold in Syria after rebel forces ousted the Assad regime.

At the air base, two An-124 heavy transport planes were seen in Maxar satellite imagery with their nose cones lifted, being prepared for loading. The imagery also showed a Russian-made Ka-52 attack helicopter being dismantled, likely as preparation for transport. Components of a Russian-made S-400 air defence unit had also been moved near the planes.

Two videos verified by the Times also showed at least one convoy of Russian military vehicles moving north, near Damascus and Homs, in the direction of Khmeimim air base. The line of vehicles, stretching more than a half-kilometre, was largely made up of cargo trucks, armoured personnel carriers, mobility vehicles and SUVs. It is unclear from the videos if they arrived at the base, or whether a significant portion of Russian soldiers and equipment may be preparing to depart Syria.

The Russian ministry of defence did not respond to a request for comment.

Under the Assad government that previously ruled Syria, Russia has for years maintained a military presence throughout the country, including the Tartus naval base and Khmeimim air base. The bases enable Russia to project its military power throughout the Mediterranean and into the Gulf.

US officials said it would be a mistake to believe Russia was ready to give up on its bases in Syria. Russia would like, if it can, to maintain a long-term presence in Syria, including both its airfield and naval base, according to the officials, who spoke on condition of anonymity to discuss a sensitive and evolving situation.

American officials said that Russia was scaling down its presence but not, so far, abandoning its positions. The officials cautioned that the situation was fluid and changing by the day. Another western official said that the pullout was significant, since Russia is moving forces out of its bases.

New York Times News Service