q I want to try intermittent fasting. Is it safe?

Intermittent fasting, when done safely and consciously, can offer several health benefits. Fasting for 10-16 hours can help the body burn fat stores for energy, aiding in weight loss. It can also lower blood insulin levels, reducing the risk of diabetes and pre-diabetes.

Additionally, it may protect organs against chronic illnesses such as heart disease, inflammatory bowel disease and some cancers. While it can cause side effects such as uncontrolled hunger, nausea, fatigue, insomnia and irritation, it’s important to note that these are manageable. The benefits of intermittent fasting far outweigh these risks, especially when you are prepared and in control.

Knee treatment q I have osteoarthritis in my right knee. I was advised a knee replacement, but is there any other option?

Depending on the extent of damage to the knee, various treatment options are available. These include anti-inflammatory and painkiller medication, physiotherapy and hyaluronic acid gel injections. The latter in particular has provided relief for many, with some experiencing pain relief for up to a year. Knee replacement is a highly effective option if these interventions do not work. Many individuals have reported significant improvement in their pain and activity levels after the procedure, offering hope for a better quality of life.

Hairy face q I have been postmenopausal for 10 years and now have a beard.

The production of the female hormone estrogen decreases after menopause. The hormonal balance is disturbed, and there may be a marginal increase in the production of androgens (male hormones). These changes increase facial hair. It may occur in one or two places, or downy, fuzzy facial hair may cover large areas. Tweezing, threading and waxing can be done regularly to control hair growth. Electrical epilators for women are also available. Laser treatment can remove hair permanently.

High blood sugar q My blood sugar is high in the mornings.

The reasons may include stress, lack of adequate sleep or a carbohydrate-heavy meal in the evening. Sometimes, it occurs because in the early hours of the morning, hormones like cortisol and the growth hormone signal the liver to boost the production of glucose to provide energy to wake up. This should trigger the beta cells in the pancreas to release insulin to keep blood glucose levels in check. With diabetes, there may not be enough insulin released to counter the increase in blood glucose. To counter this, eat fewer carbs at night and take a 15-minute walk before sleeping.

Bloated stomach q I am 55 years old, and my stomach feels bloated by the evening. I do not have diabetes or hypertension, and my thyroid functions are normal.

As we age, our body’s metabolism slows down. Muscles no longer contract as efficiently as they used to. The rate at which food moves through the intestine slows, leading to fermentation and a build-up of gas. Counter this with exercise, 3-4 litres of water and 4-6 helpings of fruits and vegetables every day. The increased fibre consumption will reduce bloating. Also, stop taking milk.

Weight issues q I am trying to lose weight. I weigh myself every day. My weight varies even during the day.

Body weight naturally fluctuates during the day. If you are weighing yourself every day, it’s best to do it at the same time and wear more or less the same garments. However, it’s less discouraging to weigh yourself twice a week. Weight loss is a long-term goal that involves lifestyle changes. A loss of 4-6 kilos a month is what you should safely aim for. Be patient and consistent, as slow and steady is the key to success in weight management.