People sometimes demand a “quick fix” not just for illness, but also bodybuilding and sports prowess. A “magic bullet” is readily available — a group of drugs called steroids. Whenever events such as the Asian Games or Olympics occur, steroids are in the news because there is widespread misuse to enhance performance.

Steroids are produced in the body by the adrenal gland, situated above the kidney. It elevates blood sugar and acts as an anti-inflammatory agent. This hormone is generated in response to stress, especially disease and infection. It reduces pain and fever.

Steroids such as prednisolone and dexamethasone may be given as tablets, injections (which affect the whole body) or delivered directly to the lungs by nebulizers, inhalers or rotahalors (which have no side-effects). Side-effects include obesity, baldness, fluid retention, weak bones and easy bruising. They can precipitate diabetes and hypertension. Steroid creams are often prescribed to reduce skin allergies. Constant use can lead to thinning of skin and loss of pigmentation.

Steroids are widely misused by doctors, quacks and practitioners of alternative medicine because they produce quick response to treatment. However, the underlying disease process is still present so higher doses have to be given more often. The patient becomes dependent on the steroid and becomes immunocompromised.

Anabolic and androgenic steroids are prescribed when the body is deficient in the male hormone, testosterone, or the growth hormone. They are also taken to improve athletic performance and build muscle. They are also added to “health supplements” and offered as a panacea for sexual dysfunction.

There are plenty of side-effects of taking steroids. Women develop a deep voice and facial hair while the menstrual cycle becomes irregular. Constant use suppresses the body’s own steroid production. If the steroids are suddenly withdrawn, the person could collapse.

When prescribed medication, read the label. If you see a name ending in “one”, it is likely to be a steroid. Speak to your physician and strictly follow guidelines for dosage and duration. As for building muscles, the slow, safe way with a high protein diet and exercise is best.